NFC is a wireless communication technology with a very short range (a few centimeters). Two devices talk to each other only when they almost touch, and that short range is part of its security.
Uses#
- Contactless payment: in many countries, you pay by bringing your phone close to the payment terminal.
- Access cards: unlocking smart doors or reading ID cards.
- Quick data exchange: such as quickly pairing with a Bluetooth device or reading smart tags.
- Transport: some metro and bus cards use similar technology.
An example#
Imagine an NFC tag stuck on a small poster. When you bring your phone close, a link or contact details appear, with no scanning of a code or typing.
Security#
Because the communication distance is so short, eavesdropping is harder, but it is not absolutely safe. For payment, the phone usually has to be unlocked or confirmed. If a card or phone is lost, deactivate it immediately. When using unknown tags, also take care not to be directed to a suspicious link.
A regional note#
Having an NFC chip in a phone does not mean every payment service works; many global contactless payment services are available only in certain countries, while uses such as local smart cards are more common elsewhere.